abnormal

UK: /æbˈnɔːməl/ | US: /æbˈnɔːrməl/

Definition

  1. adj. deviating from the normal or average; unusual or irregular

  2. adj. (Biology/Medicine) not typical, healthy, or functioning properly

Structure
ab <away from>norm <rule, pattern>al <adjective suffix>
Etymology

abnormal = ab<away from> + norm<rule, pattern> + al<adjective suffix>

  • ab-: Latin prefix meaning "away from" (e.g., absent, abduct).
  • norm: From Latin norma ("carpenter’s square," later "standard, pattern").
  • -al: Suffix forming adjectives (e.g., natural, cultural).

Etymology Origin:
The word abnormal emerged in the early 19th century, combining Latin ab- (negation) with norma (standard). Originally used in scientific contexts to describe deviations from biological or statistical norms, it later broadened to general usage. The logic is straightforward: "away from the standard" → "irregular."

Examples

  1. The test results showed abnormal levels of calcium.

  2. His behavior was considered abnormal for a child his age.

  3. The machine emitted an abnormal noise before shutting down.

  4. Weather patterns this year have been highly abnormal.

  5. Doctors detected abnormal cells during the biopsy.