arch

UK: ɑːtʃ | US: ɑːrtʃ

Definition

  1. n. a curved structure that supports weight, often used in bridges or doorways

  2. n. something shaped like a curve (e.g., the arch of the foot)

  3. adj. chief; principal (e.g., arch-rival)

  4. adj. mischievous or playful in a teasing way (e.g., an arch smile)

  5. vt. to form or cause to form an arch

Structure
arch <chief, principal, from Greek *arkhos*>
Etymology

The word "arch" traces back to the Greek arkhos, meaning "chief" or "ruler." This root appears in words like "monarch" (sole ruler) and "anarchy" (absence of rule). The architectural sense of "arch" (curved structure) evolved from the idea of a "principal" or "supporting" element in construction. The playful/adjective sense ("mischievous") emerged in the 17th century, suggesting a figurative "ruling" or dominant tone in behavior.

Examples

  1. The stone arch over the river has stood for centuries.

  2. She gave him an arch look before delivering the punchline.

  3. The cat arched its back when startled.

  4. The arch of her eyebrows expressed skepticism.

  5. He is considered the arch-villain in the story.