archaeology
UK: ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒi | US: ˌɑːrkiˈɑːlədʒi
n. The scientific study of human history and prehistory through the excavation and analysis of artifacts, structures, and other physical remains.
The word "archaeology" combines the Greek root "archaeo-" (from archaios, meaning "ancient") and "-logy" (from -logia, meaning "study of"). It literally translates to "the study of ancient things." The term emerged in the early 17th century, reflecting the Enlightenment-era interest in systematically investigating past civilizations. The morpheme "archaeo-" preserves its Greek spelling, while "-logy" is a common suffix in scientific disciplines (e.g., biology, geology).
The archaeology team discovered a 3,000-year-old pottery shard at the dig site.
She pursued a degree in archaeology to specialize in Mayan civilizations.
Modern archaeology often employs technology like LiDAR to map hidden structures.
The museum’s exhibit showcases findings from recent archaeology projects in Egypt.
Critics argue that looted artifacts undermine the ethical practice of archaeology.