atmosphere
UK: ˈætməsfɪə | US: ˈætməsfɪr
n. the envelope of gases surrounding a planet or celestial body
n. a particular environment or surrounding influence
n. the dominant mood or emotional tone of a place or situation
The word "atmosphere" originates from Greek roots. "Atmo-" derives from the Greek atmos (vapor or air), while "-sphere" comes from the Greek sphaira (globe or ball). Combined in New Latin as atmosphaera, it originally described the gaseous layer enveloping Earth. Over time, its meaning expanded metaphorically to describe environmental or social "air" (e.g., "a tense atmosphere"). The morphemes reflect a literal "ball of air," illustrating how scientific terms often evolve into abstract concepts.
Earth's atmosphere protects life from harmful solar radiation.
The café had a cozy atmosphere with soft lighting and jazz music.
Pollutants are damaging the atmosphere and accelerating climate change.
The meeting was conducted in a formal atmosphere.
Scientists study the atmospheres of distant planets for signs of life.