attenuate

UK: əˈten.ju.eɪt | US: əˈten.ju.eɪt

Definition
  1. vt. to reduce the force, effect, or value of something

  2. vt. to make something thinner or weaker

  3. adj. (rare) reduced in thickness or density

Structure
at <to>tenu <thin>ate <verb suffix>at <to>tenu <thin>ate <verb suffix>
Etymology

"Attenuate" traces back to Latin "attenuare," combining "ad-" (intensifying "to") + "tenuis" (thin). Originally describing physical thinning (e.g., liquids), it expanded metaphorically to weakening effects or intensity. The morphemes reflect a clear cause-effect logic: "make (ate) something thin (tenu) thoroughly (at-)."

Examples
  1. The doctor used a filter to attenuate the radiation dose.

  2. Overuse has attenuated the impact of this marketing strategy.

  3. The wire was attenuated to half its original thickness.

  4. Her voice attenuated as she moved farther away.

  5. The vaccine contains an attenuated form of the virus.