attrition
UK: əˈtrɪʃ(ə)n | US: əˈtrɪʃ(ə)n
n. the process of gradually reducing the strength or effectiveness of something through sustained pressure or repeated small-scale losses
n. a reduction in workforce due to voluntary departures (e.g., resignations, retirements) rather than layoffs
n. (theology) imperfect repentance motivated by fear of punishment rather than moral remorse
Derived from Latin attritio ("a rubbing against"), from atterere ("to wear down"), combining ad- (toward) + terere (to rub). The word originally described physical grinding (e.g., erosion) but evolved metaphorically to denote gradual weakening in contexts like workforce reduction (early 20th c.) and theological repentance (medieval Latin). The core logic persists: steady friction causing incremental loss.
The prolonged siege led to the enemy's attrition through starvation and desertion.
Employee attrition rates rose after the company eliminated remote work options.
Geologists study rock attrition caused by wind and water.
In Catholic doctrine, attrition is distinguished from perfect contrition.
The marathon was a battle of attrition, with only 40% of runners finishing.