backbone
UK: ˈbæk.bəʊn | US: ˈbæk.boʊn
n. the series of vertebrae forming the spine; the central support structure of an animal or system
n. strength of character; resilience
n. (computing) the primary network infrastructure connecting smaller subnetworks
The word "backbone" is a straightforward compound of "back" (Old English bæc, meaning "rear part of the body") and "bone" (Old English bān, referring to skeletal tissue). It originally described the literal spinal column but later metaphorically extended to mean "core support" (e.g., infrastructure) or "moral strength" (early 19th c.). The logic mirrors the spine’s role as both a physical and symbolic foundation.
A healthy backbone is essential for proper posture.
She showed real backbone when standing up to the unfair policy.
The internet backbone connects continents through undersea cables.
The team’s captain is the backbone of their defense.
Without a strong backbone, the organization would collapse.