cataclysm

UK: ˈkætəklɪzəm | US: ˈkætəˌklɪzəm

Definition
  1. n. a sudden and violent event causing great destruction or upheaval

  2. n. (Geology) a large-scale and destructive flood or deluge

  3. n. (figurative) a momentous upheaval or transformation

Structure
cata <down, against>clysm <flood, wash>
Etymology

cataclysm = cata<down, against> + clysm<flood, wash>

  • cata (from Greek kata-): Prefix meaning "down," "against," or "thoroughly."
  • clysm (from Greek klusmos, related to klyzein "to wash"): Root meaning "flood" or "deluge."

Etymology Origin:
The word cataclysm originates from Greek kataklysmos, combining kata- (intensifying "down" or "thoroughly") and klyzein ("to wash"). It originally described biblical or geological floods (e.g., Noah’s Flood) but evolved metaphorically to signify any devastating upheaval, reflecting the idea of a "washing away" of the old order.

Examples
  1. The earthquake triggered a cataclysm that reshaped the coastline.

  2. Scholars debate whether the Bronze Age collapse was caused by a climatic cataclysm.

  3. The Industrial Revolution was a cultural cataclysm for agrarian societies.

  4. His resignation sent a cataclysm through the political establishment.

  5. Sci-fi novels often imagine cataclysms like asteroid impacts or nuclear wars.