catastrophic

UK: ˌkæt.əˈstrɒf.ɪk | US: ˌkæt.əˈstrɑː.fɪk

Definition
  1. adj. causing sudden and widespread disaster or suffering

  2. adj. extremely unfortunate or unsuccessful

Structure
cata <down, against>stroph <turning>ic <adjective suffix>
Etymology

The word "catastrophic" originates from Greek katastrophē, meaning "an overturning" or "sudden turn." The morpheme cata- (Greek kata-) implies "down" or "against," while stroph (from strephein, "to turn") suggests a dramatic reversal. Combined with the suffix -ic, it forms an adjective describing events that "turn things upside down"—hence, disasters. The term evolved in the 18th century to emphasize large-scale calamities.

Examples
  1. The earthquake had catastrophic effects on the region’s infrastructure.

  2. A catastrophic failure in the engine caused the plane to crash.

  3. Climate change could lead to catastrophic consequences for biodiversity.

  4. The team’s catastrophic loss demoralized their fans.

  5. Poor planning resulted in a catastrophic financial collapse.