consternation
UK: /ˌkɒn.stəˈneɪ.ʃən/ | US: /ˌkɑːn.stɚˈneɪ.ʃən/
n. a feeling of anxiety, shock, or dismay that makes someone unable to act
consternation = con<together> + stern<stiffen> + ation<noun suffix>
- con (Latin prefix meaning "together" or "thoroughly")
- stern (from Latin sternere, meaning "to stiffen" or "to spread out," later evolving to imply a paralyzing effect)
- ation (noun-forming suffix indicating a state or action)
Etymology Origin:
The word consternation traces back to Latin consternare, meaning "to terrify" or "to throw into confusion." The prefix con- intensifies the root sternere (originally "to spread out," but metaphorically "to paralyze with fear"). Over time, it evolved in French (consternation) and English to describe a state of stunned helplessness. The imagery suggests being "frozen" or "spread flat" by shock.
The sudden news of the layoffs caused widespread consternation among employees.
Her unexpected resignation left the team in consternation.
The politician's controversial statement was met with public consternation.
A look of consternation crossed his face when he realized his mistake.
The teacher's stern warning filled the students with consternation.