culture
UK: ˈkʌltʃə | US: ˈkʌltʃər
n. the arts, customs, and institutions of a nation, people, or group
n. the cultivation of plants, bacteria, or other organisms
vt. to maintain (biological cells or organisms) in conditions suitable for growth
The word culture began in Latin as cultura, rooted in agrarian life (colere = "to till"). By the 16th century, it metaphorically expanded to describe human intellectual refinement ("cultivation of the mind"). Modern usage retains both biological (e.g., cell cultures) and societal meanings, reflecting its dual evolution from soil to society.
Japanese culture emphasizes harmony and respect.
The lab specializes in bacterial culture for medical research.
She cultured rare orchids in her greenhouse.
Globalization has blended diverse cultures.
Ancient Greek culture laid foundations for Western philosophy.