dementia
UK: dɪˈmenʃə | US: dɪˈmenʃə
n. a chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury, marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning.
The word "dementia" originates from Latin dementia, meaning "madness" or "insanity." It combines the prefix de- (indicating reversal or removal), the root ment- (from mens, meaning "mind"), and the suffix -ia (denoting a condition). Historically, it described a decline in mental faculties, evolving into its modern medical usage to specify cognitive impairment. The logic reflects a "mind falling away" from normal function.
The elderly man was diagnosed with dementia and required constant care.
Dementia often progresses slowly, affecting memory and decision-making.
Researchers are studying new treatments to slow the onset of dementia.
Her grandmother's dementia made it difficult for her to recognize family members.
Early signs of dementia include confusion and difficulty with familiar tasks.