differential
UK: ˌdɪf.əˈren.ʃəl | US: ˌdɪf.əˈren.ʃəl
adj. relating to or showing a difference
n. a difference between amounts, values, or degrees
n. (mathematics) an infinitesimal change in a variable
The word "differential" originates from the Latin differentia ("difference"), derived from differre ("to carry apart, differ"). The root different preserves the core idea of distinction, while the suffix -ial (from Latin -ialis) forms adjectives indicating relation. The term evolved in mathematics (18th century) to describe infinitesimal changes, reflecting its logical progression from "qualitative difference" to "quantitative variation."
The differential treatment of employees caused dissatisfaction.
Engineers calculated the pressure differential across the valve.
In calculus, differential equations model dynamic systems.
The car’s differential distributes power to the wheels.
A wage differential exists between the two industries.