distend
UK: dɪˈstɛnd | US: dɪˈstɛnd
vt. to swell or stretch out from internal pressure
vi. to become expanded or inflated
The word "distend" originates from Latin distendere, combining dis- (apart) and tendere (to stretch). The morpheme tend retains its core meaning of stretching, seen in words like "extend" or "tension." Over time, "distend" evolved to specifically describe swelling or expansion caused by internal forces, such as gas or fluid pressure. The prefix dis- emphasizes the outward direction of the stretching, creating a vivid image of something being pulled apart from within.
The balloon began to distend as more air was pumped into it.
Overeating can cause the stomach to distend uncomfortably.
The doctor noted that the patient’s abdomen was distended due to fluid retention.
Heat causes gases to distend the metal container.
The riverbanks distended after days of heavy rainfall.