DNA

UK: ˌdiː.enˈeɪ | US: ˌdiː.enˈeɪ

Definition

  1. n. (abbreviation) Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic instructions in living organisms.

Structure
D <deoxy>N <nucleic>A <acid>
Etymology

The term "DNA" is an acronym derived from "deoxyribonucleic acid." Each component reflects its chemical structure:

  • "Deoxy" indicates the absence of an oxygen atom in the sugar component (deoxyribose vs. ribose).
  • "Nucleic" refers to its discovery in cell nuclei and its association with nucleotides.
  • "Acid" highlights its acidic properties due to phosphate groups.
    The acronym was coined in the 20th century as biochemistry advanced, simplifying the technical name for broader use.
Examples

  1. DNA testing confirmed the suspect's identity.

  2. Scientists study DNA to understand genetic diseases.

  3. The DNA sample was too degraded for analysis.

  4. Mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother.

  5. CRISPR technology allows precise editing of DNA sequences.