dopamine
UK: ˈdəʊpəmiːn | US: ˈdoʊpəmiːn
n. A neurotransmitter in the brain that regulates reward, motivation, and movement.
n. A chemical compound (C₈H₁₁NO₂) belonging to the catecholamine family.
dopamine = dopa<precursor compound> + amine<chemical group>
- dopa: Short for "dihydroxyphenylalanine," a compound derived from the amino acid tyrosine. The term "dopa" originates from the abbreviation of its chemical name.
- amine: Refers to a nitrogen-containing organic compound, derived from "ammonia" (from Latin ammoniacus).
Etymology Origin:
The word "dopamine" combines "dopa," a precursor in its biochemical synthesis, with "amine," reflecting its chemical structure. Coined in the mid-20th century, the term highlights its role as a monoamine neurotransmitter. The name logically ties its molecular composition (an amine derived from dopa) to its biological function.
Dopamine levels increase during pleasurable activities like eating or exercising.
Parkinson’s disease is linked to a deficiency of dopamine in the brain.
The study examined how dopamine influences decision-making.
Certain drugs artificially stimulate dopamine release, leading to addiction.
Researchers are investigating dopamine’s role in mental health disorders.