duress
UK: djʊˈres | US: dʊˈres
n. 1. Threats, violence, or coercion used to force someone to act against their will.
n. 2. (Law) Unlawful pressure applied to compel someone to enter into a contract or agreement.
duress = dur<hard> + ess<noun suffix>
- dur (from Latin durus, meaning "hard" or "harsh")
- ess (a noun-forming suffix, often indicating a state or condition)
Etymology Origin:
The word "duress" originates from the Latin durus (hard), reflecting the idea of harsh treatment or pressure. It entered Middle English via Old French duresse, initially referring to harshness or severity. Over time, its meaning narrowed to focus specifically on coercion or forced compliance, especially in legal contexts. The evolution mirrors the conceptual link between physical hardness and psychological pressure.
The suspect claimed he signed the confession under duress.
Contracts signed under duress are considered invalid in court.
She endured years of duress before escaping the abusive relationship.
The witness testified that threats of violence placed him in duress.
Pirates often held sailors in duress until ransom was paid.