Dutch
UK: dʌtʃ | US: dʌtʃ
adj. relating to the Netherlands, its people, or their language
n. the Germanic language spoken in the Netherlands
n. (informal, often offensive) a term historically used in phrases like "Dutch courage" (alcohol-induced bravery) or "Dutch treat" (each person pays for themselves)
The word "Dutch" originates from the Old English "þēodisc" (meaning "of the people" or "vernacular"), which evolved into Middle English "Duch" to refer to Germanic speakers. By the 16th century, English narrowed its usage to the people of the Netherlands, while German speakers became "Deutsch." The informal/offensive senses arose from 17th-century Anglo-Dutch rivalry, leading to phrases mocking Dutch culture.
She learned to speak Dutch while living in Amsterdam.
Dutch painters like Rembrandt are celebrated worldwide.
The treaty was signed by Dutch and Spanish representatives.
(Historical context) British sailors joked about "Dutch courage" before battles.
They opted for a Dutch treat dinner to split the bill fairly.