dysfunctional

UK: dɪsˈfʌŋkʃənl | US: dɪsˈfʌŋkʃənl

Definition

  1. adj. not operating normally or properly

  2. adj. (of a person or behavior) deviating from social or psychological norms

Structure
dys <bad, abnormal>function <work>al <adjective suffix>
Etymology

The word "dysfunctional" combines three morphemes:

  1. "Dys-" (from Greek dys-, meaning "bad" or "abnormal"),
  2. "Function" (from Latin functio, meaning "performance" or "work"),
  3. "-al" (a suffix forming adjectives).
    Originally used in medical contexts to describe impaired bodily functions, it expanded to describe systems, relationships, or behaviors that fail to operate as expected. The logical progression reflects a shift from physical to abstract dysfunction.
Examples

  1. The dysfunctional washing machine flooded the laundry room.

  2. Their dysfunctional communication led to constant arguments.

  3. The company’s dysfunctional hierarchy stifled innovation.

  4. He grew up in a dysfunctional family environment.

  5. The team’s dysfunctional dynamics resulted in missed deadlines.