examine
UK: ɪɡˈzæmɪn | US: ɪɡˈzæmɪn
vt. to inspect or scrutinize carefully
vt. to test the knowledge or ability of someone (e.g., in an exam)
vt. to interrogate formally in a legal or official context
The word "examine" traces back to Latin examinare, derived from examen (a means of weighing or testing). The root ex- intensifies the action, while -amin- (from agere, meaning "to drive" or "to lead") suggests guiding or assessing. Over time, it evolved in Old French as examiner, retaining the sense of thorough inspection. The modern English meaning reflects both literal scrutiny (e.g., examining evidence) and metaphorical evaluation (e.g., exams).
The doctor will examine the patient thoroughly.
Students must examine the text for hidden meanings.
The lawyer examined the witness during the trial.
Scientists examine data to draw conclusions.
Customs officers examined his luggage at the airport.