extemporize
UK: ɪkˈstɛmpəraɪz | US: ɪkˈstɛmpəraɪz
vi. to speak or perform without preparation; improvise
vt. to compose, perform, or produce something on the spur of the moment
The word "extemporize" originates from Latin roots. The prefix "ex-" means "out of," and "tempor" derives from "tempus" (time). Combined with the verb-forming suffix "-ize," it literally means "to act out of time"—i.e., without the time to prepare. Historically, it evolved in English (17th century) to describe improvisation in speech or performance, emphasizing spontaneity.
The speaker had to extemporize when his notes were misplaced.
Jazz musicians often extemporize during solos.
She extemporized a heartfelt toast at the wedding.
The actor extemporized lines when he forgot the script.
Teachers sometimes extemporize lessons based on students' questions.