frighten
UK: ˈfraɪtn | US: ˈfraɪtn
vt. to cause fear or alarm in someone
vi. (archaic) to become afraid
The word "frighten" combines the Old English noun fright (rooted in Proto-Germanic furhtiz, meaning "fear") with the verb suffix -en. This suffix was historically used to transform nouns or adjectives into verbs (e.g., "strengthen," "lengthen"). Over time, "frighten" evolved to specifically mean "to cause fear," retaining its core connection to the concept of dread while adopting a more active, causative role.
The loud noise frightened the baby.
She was frightened by the sudden shadow in the dark alley.
Horror movies are designed to frighten audiences.
The dog barks to frighten away intruders.
He tried not to let his nervousness frighten his younger siblings.