glacial

UK: ˈɡleɪ.si.əl | US: ˈɡleɪ.ʃəl

Definition
  1. adj. relating to or derived from a glacier

  2. adj. extremely cold; icy

  3. adj. very slow in movement or progress

Structure
glac <ice>ial <adjective suffix>glac <ice>ial <adjective suffix>
Etymology

The word "glacial" traces back to Latin glacialis, meaning "icy" or "frozen," derived from glacies (ice). It entered English via French in the 17th century, initially describing literal ice formations (e.g., glaciers). Over time, it expanded metaphorically to describe extreme coldness or slowness, mirroring the slow movement of glaciers. The morphemes glac- and -ial remain visually intact, making the word’s structure transparent for learners.

Examples
  1. The glacial winds made the expedition nearly unbearable.

  2. The lake’s water was a striking glacial blue.

  3. Progress on the project has been glacial due to bureaucratic delays.

  4. Scientists study glacial deposits to understand past climate changes.

  5. Her glacial demeanor intimidated everyone in the room.