ground-based
UK: ˈɡraʊnd beɪst | US: ˈɡraʊnd beɪst
adj. operating or situated on the ground (as opposed to air or space)
adj. relying on terrestrial systems or infrastructure
The word combines "ground," derived from Old English grund (bottom, foundation, earth), with "based," from the verb base (to establish or root in a place). The compound emerged in the 20th century, primarily in military and scientific contexts, to describe systems or operations anchored to terrestrial environments (e.g., ground-based radar). The morphemes retain their original meanings, emphasizing physical connection to the earth.
The telescope is ground-based, unlike its space-orbiting counterparts.
Ground-based missile defenses are critical for national security.
Researchers compared satellite data with ground-based observations.
The airline relies on ground-based navigation systems.
Ground-based telescopes often face interference from weather conditions.