gruff
UK: ɡrʌf | US: ɡrʌf
adj. rough or low in tone (of a voice)
adj. brusque or stern in manner
The word "gruff" originates from Middle Dutch grof, meaning "rough" or "coarse." It entered English in the late 15th century, initially describing a rough voice or sound. Over time, it expanded to characterize a blunt or stern demeanor, reflecting the metaphorical link between physical roughness and interpersonal harshness. The word retains its Germanic roots, sharing kinship with German grob (coarse) and Old English hrēof (rough).
His gruff voice made it hard to understand him.
The manager’s gruff reply intimidated the new employees.
Despite his gruff exterior, he was kind-hearted.
She imitated her grandfather’s gruff tone perfectly.
The dog gave a gruff bark when the stranger approached.