hemlock

UK: ˈhɛmlɒk | US: ˈhɛmlɑːk

Definition

  1. n. 1. A highly poisonous plant (Conium maculatum) with small white flowers and fern-like leaves.

  2. n. 2. The poison derived from this plant, historically used for executions (e.g., Socrates' death).

  3. n. 3. (North America) A coniferous tree (Tsuga) of the pine family, unrelated to the poisonous plant.

Structure
hem <old English *hymlice*, of uncertain origin>lock <possibly from Old English *lēac* (leek), though disputed>
Etymology

The word "hemlock" traces back to Old English hymlice, but its deeper roots are unclear. The second half, "-lock," may derive from lēac (leek), suggesting a folk-etymology link to plants, though this is speculative. The poisonous plant's name later extended to the North American tree due to superficial similarities in foliage. The dual meanings reflect divergent botanical histories.

Examples

  1. Socrates was sentenced to drink a cup of hemlock.

  2. The forest was dense with towering hemlock trees.

  3. Foraging experts warn against mistaking hemlock for edible parsley.

  4. The hemlock's delicate white flowers conceal its deadly nature.

  5. Hemlock woolly adelgid is a pest threatening North American hemlocks.