lean
UK: liːn | US: liːn
v. to incline or bend from a vertical position
v. to rely on for support or inspiration
adj. lacking excess flesh; thin and fit
adj. (of production) efficient with minimal waste
The word "lean" traces back to Old English hleonian, meaning "to bend or incline." It shares roots with Germanic languages (e.g., Old Norse hlína). Originally describing physical tilting, it later expanded metaphorically to imply dependence ("lean on someone") and efficiency ("lean manufacturing"). The adjective sense ("thin") emerged from the idea of being free of excess, akin to a streamlined slope.
The tower leans slightly due to its unstable foundation.
She leaned against the wall while waiting.
His lean physique reflects years of disciplined training.
The company adopted lean methods to reduce costs.
Don’t lean too heavily on others for emotional support.