meta-analysis

UK: ˌmetəˈænələsɪs | US: ˌmetəˈænələsɪs

Definition

  1. n. A statistical method that combines the results of multiple scientific studies to identify patterns, discrepancies, or overall effects.

Structure
meta <transcending or higher level>analysis <detailed examination>
Etymology

The term "meta-analysis" originates from the Greek prefix meta- (meaning "beyond" or "higher"), combined with analysis (from Greek analyein, "to break down"). The word emerged in the 1970s in academic research to describe a technique that goes beyond individual studies by synthesizing their data. The prefix meta- implies a broader perspective, while analysis retains its core meaning of systematic examination. Together, they reflect the method's purpose: analyzing analyses to derive overarching conclusions.

Examples

  1. The researchers conducted a meta-analysis of 50 clinical trials to assess the drug's efficacy.

  2. Meta-analysis is widely used in psychology to reconcile conflicting study results.

  3. Her paper included a meta-analysis of previous findings on climate change impacts.

  4. Critics argue that meta-analysis can be biased if low-quality studies are included.

  5. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation between exercise and mental health.