overcrowded
UK: ˌəʊvəˈkraʊdɪd | US: ˌoʊvərˈkraʊdɪd
adj. containing too many people or things in a space, causing discomfort or inefficiency
vt. (past tense) filled a space beyond its capacity
The word combines "over-" (Old English ofer, meaning "excessively"), "crowd" (from Old English crūdan, "to press or push"), and "-ed" (past participle suffix). Originally, "crowd" referred to physical pressing, later evolving to mean a dense group of people. "Overcrowded" emerged in the 19th century to describe spaces overwhelmed by excessive occupancy, reflecting industrialization's urban density challenges.
The subway was so overcrowded during rush hour that no one could move.
Overcrowded classrooms hinder effective learning.
The city’s shelters became overcrowded after the natural disaster.
Authorities warned against overcrowding the event venue.
Overcrowded prisons often face sanitation issues.