pain
UK: peɪn | US: peɪn
n. physical or emotional suffering
vt. to cause distress or suffering
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The word "pain" traces back to Latin poena, meaning "penalty" or "punishment," reflecting the ancient association between suffering and retribution. It entered Old French as peine (anguish, hardship) and later Middle English as pain, broadening from punitive suffering to general physical or emotional distress. The evolution highlights how societal concepts of justice and suffering intertwined linguistically.
She felt a sharp pain in her knee after the fall.
The loss of his pet caused him deep emotional pain.
The doctor asked the patient to rate their pain on a scale of 1 to 10.
It pains me to see you so unhappy.
The strict rules were a pain for the students.