paternal

UK: pəˈtɜːnəl | US: pəˈtɜːrnəl

Definition
  1. adj. relating to or characteristic of a father

  2. adj. inherited or derived from a father

  3. adj. (biology) related through the father’s lineage

Structure
pater <father>nal <adjective suffix>
Etymology

paternal = pater<father> + nal<adjective suffix>

  • pater: From Latin pater (father), retained in English to denote fatherly attributes.
  • nal: A suffix derived from Latin -alis, used to form adjectives indicating relation or pertaining to.

Etymology Origin:
The word paternal traces back to Latin paternus, meaning "of a father," which itself comes from pater (father). This root is shared with other Indo-European languages (e.g., Greek patēr, Sanskrit pitṛ). The suffix -al was adopted into English via Old French, standardizing adjectives of relation. The term evolved to encompass biological, emotional, and legal dimensions of fatherhood.

Examples
  1. His paternal grandfather immigrated to the US in the 1920s.

  2. She inherited her blue eyes from her paternal side.

  3. The company has a paternal approach to employee welfare.

  4. In many cultures, paternal authority is highly respected.

  5. The study focused on paternal influences on child development.