penalise
UK: ˈpiːnəlaɪz | US: ˈpiːnəlaɪz
vt. to impose a penalty or punishment for an offense or violation
vt. to treat someone unfairly by imposing disadvantages
The word "penalise" originates from the Latin "poena" (meaning "punishment"), which passed into Old French as "peinal" (relating to punishment). The root "penal" entered English in the 15th century, retaining its association with legal consequences. The suffix "-ise" (British English variant of "-ize") transforms the noun into a verb, signifying the act of imposing punishment. The word reflects a logical progression from the concept of penalty to the action of enforcing it.
The referee decided to penalise the player for a dangerous tackle.
Strict regulations penalise companies that fail to meet environmental standards.
The new law will penalise late tax filings with heavy fines.
Some argue that the education system unfairly penalises students from disadvantaged backgrounds.
The coach warned the team that any misconduct would be penalised during the tournament.