pent-up
UK: ˌpent ˈʌp | US: ˌpent ˈʌp
adj. (of emotions or energy) not expressed or released; held back forcibly
adj. confined or restrained, often leading to tension
The word "pent" originates from the Middle English "pent," a variant of "penned," the past participle of "pen" (to enclose). It traces back to Old English "pennian," meaning to confine, akin to "pen" as an enclosure for animals. The addition of "up" intensifies the sense of containment, suggesting something held back completely. Historically, "pent-up" emerged in the 16th century to describe suppressed emotions or energy, metaphorically extending the idea of physical confinement to psychological states.
After weeks of stress, her pent-up frustration finally erupted.
The pent-up energy of the crowd was palpable before the concert began.
He struggled to release his pent-up emotions during therapy.
The pent-up demand for travel led to a surge in bookings after restrictions lifted.
Children often exhibit pent-up excitement before holidays.