petrology
UK: pɪˈtrɒlədʒi | US: pɪˈtrɑːlədʒi
n. The branch of science that deals with the origin, composition, structure, and alteration of rocks.
The word "petrology" combines the Greek root "petro-" (from "petra," meaning "rock") and the suffix "-logy" (from "logos," meaning "study of"). It emerged in the 19th century as geology advanced into specialized fields, reflecting the scientific focus on systematic rock analysis. The morphemes preserve their original Greek meanings while adapting to modern scientific terminology.
Petrology helps geologists understand the formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Her research in petrology revealed the volcanic origins of the region’s bedrock.
Advanced microscopy is essential for detailed petrology studies.
The textbook covers the principles of mineralogy and petrology.
Field trips are a core component of petrology courses.