physiology
UK: ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi | US: ˌfɪziˈɑːlədʒi
n. the branch of biology that studies the functions and mechanisms of living organisms and their parts.
n. the organic processes or functions of an organism or system.
The word physiology originates from Greek physis (φύσις), meaning "nature" or "origin," combined with -logia (-λογία), meaning "study of." The term evolved in Late Latin as physiologia and entered English in the 16th century, originally referring to the study of natural phenomena. Over time, it narrowed to specifically denote the study of biological functions in living organisms, reflecting the Enlightenment-era shift toward empirical science.
She majored in physiology to understand how the human body adapts to extreme conditions.
The professor’s research in plant physiology revealed new insights into photosynthesis.
Comparative physiology examines functional similarities across different species.
His groundbreaking work in cardiac physiology earned him a Nobel Prize.
The textbook covers the basics of animal physiology, from digestion to neural responses.