polarize
UK: ˈpəʊləraɪz | US: ˈpoʊləraɪz
vt. to cause something to divide into opposing groups or viewpoints
vi. to become divided into opposing extremes
vt. (physics) to restrict the vibrations of light waves to one direction
The word polarize emerged in the early 19th century, combining polar (rooted in the concept of opposing poles) with -ize to signify "creating division." Its scientific use (light polarization) preceded its figurative social meaning, reflecting how physical opposites (north/south poles) metaphorically mapped onto ideological splits.
The controversial issue began to polarize public opinion.
Sunglasses can polarize sunlight to reduce glare.
The debate polarized voters into two distinct camps.
Extreme rhetoric often polarizes communities.
The magnetic field causes electrons to polarize along its axis.