polygraph
UK: ˈpɒlɪɡrɑːf | US: ˈpɑːliɡræf
n. a machine that records physiological signals (e.g., pulse, blood pressure) to detect deception, commonly called a "lie detector"
n. a device for producing copies of written or drawn materials (archaic)
polygraph = poly<many> + graph<write>
- poly: From Greek polys (many), used in English to indicate multiplicity (e.g., polygon, polyglot).
- graph: From Greek graphein (to write), referring to recording or writing (e.g., autograph, telegraph).
Etymology Origin:
The word polygraph originated in the early 17th century, initially describing a device that could produce multiple copies of documents (literally "many writings"). By the 20th century, its meaning shifted to the modern "lie detector," reflecting its function of recording multiple physiological responses simultaneously. The logic ties back to the Greek roots: poly (many) + graph (record), emphasizing the machine's capacity to track several bodily signals at once.
The suspect was asked to take a polygraph test during the investigation.
Early polygraphs were mechanical devices used for duplicating handwritten texts.
Critics argue that polygraph results are not always reliable in court.
The spy novel featured a scene where the hero outsmarted a polygraph.
Modern polygraphs measure changes in breathing, sweat, and heart rate.