prolonged
UK: /prəˈlɒŋd/ | US: /prəˈlɔːŋd/
adj. continuing for a long time or longer than usual
vt. (past tense of "prolong") extended in duration
The word "prolonged" originates from the Latin prolongare (pro- "forward" + longus "long"), entering English via Old French prolonger. The morpheme "pro-" emphasizes directionality (forward in time), while "long" retains its core meaning of extension. The suffix "-ed" marks it as a past participle, implying an action completed in the past with ongoing effects. This reflects the word’s dual role as both verb (to extend) and adjective (extended).
The patient experienced prolonged pain after surgery.
Negotiations were prolonged due to unresolved disputes.
A prolonged drought devastated the region’s crops.
His speech was unnecessarily prolonged with repetitive points.
The effects of the medication may be prolonged in older adults.