proven
UK: ˈpruːvən | US: ˈpruːvən
adj. Having been demonstrated or verified as true.
adj. Established beyond doubt; tested and confirmed.
The word "proven" originates from the Old French "prover" (to test, prove), which itself derives from the Latin "probare" (to test, approve). The suffix "-en" is an archaic past participle ending in English, retained in certain words like "proven" and "shaven." Over time, "proven" became the preferred adjectival form in legal and formal contexts, distinguishing it from the more general past participle "proved." The morpheme "prove" maintains its core meaning of verification, while "-en" marks the word as a completed state.
The theory remains unproven despite extensive research.
She has a proven track record in leadership roles.
The document was proven authentic by forensic experts.
His innocence was proven in court.
This method is a proven way to improve efficiency.