reform
UK: rɪˈfɔːm | US: rɪˈfɔːrm
n. the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, or unsatisfactory
vt. to make changes in something (e.g., a system or institution) to improve it
vi. to abandon an immoral or self-destructive way of life
The word "reform" originates from Latin reformare, combining re- (meaning "again") and formare (meaning "to shape or mold"). The term entered Middle English via Old French reformer, retaining the core idea of "reshaping" or "improving by alteration." Historically, it has been applied to religious, political, and social movements (e.g., the Protestant Reformation) where systems were "reshaped" to correct perceived flaws. The morpheme form preserves its Latin root meaning of structure or arrangement.
The government plans to reform the education system next year.
After his imprisonment, he vowed to reform and live honestly.
The 19th-century labor movement demanded social reform.
Critics argue the new policy is superficial reform without real change.
She dedicated her career to prison reform advocacy.