reindeer
UK: ˈreɪndɪə | US: ˈreɪndɪr
n. a large deer species (Rangifer tarandus) native to Arctic and subarctic regions, domesticated in some areas for milk, meat, and transport.
The word reindeer is a rare hybrid of Old Norse and Old English. The first element (rein) comes from Old Norse hreinn, reflecting Viking influence in Northern Europe. The second (deer) is Old English, originally a general term for wild animals (like German Tier). Over time, deer narrowed in meaning, while reindeer retained its Norse root to specify this Arctic species. The combination highlights cultural contact between Norse settlers and Anglo-Saxons.
Reindeer are well-adapted to cold climates with their thick fur and wide hooves.
The Sami people of Scandinavia traditionally herd reindeer for livelihood.
Santa Claus’s sleigh is famously pulled by flying reindeer.
Climate change threatens reindeer habitats in the Arctic tundra.
Reindeer migrate long distances to find food during winter.