reprimand
UK: /ˈrɛprɪmɑːnd/ | US: /ˈrɛprɪˌmænd/
n. a formal expression of disapproval or rebuke, especially by an authority figure
vt. to scold or criticize someone officially for a fault or offense
reprimand = re<back> + primand<warn>
- re<back>: Latin prefix meaning "back" or "again," often implying repetition or intensity.
- primand<warn>: Derived from Latin premonere (to warn beforehand), via French réprimande. The root suggests a corrective or cautionary action.
Etymology Origin:
The word entered English in the 17th century from French réprimande, which traces back to Latin reprimere (to press back, restrain). Over time, the sense shifted from physical restraint to verbal rebuke, emphasizing authoritative correction. The morpheme re- intensifies the action, while -primand retains its core idea of warning.
The manager issued a stern reprimand for the employee's repeated tardiness.
Teachers should reprimand disruptive behavior firmly but fairly.
He received a written reprimand from the ethics committee.
The coach reprimanded the team for their lack of effort.
A verbal reprimand often suffices for minor infractions.