restraining
UK: rɪˈstreɪnɪŋ | US: rɪˈstreɪnɪŋ
vt. 1. holding back or controlling (someone or something)
vt. 2. limiting or restricting (an action, emotion, or behavior)
adj. 3. serving to restrain; restrictive
The word "restrain" originates from Latin restringere (re- "back" + stringere "to bind or draw tight"). The morpheme "re-" implies reversal or restraint, while "strain" reflects tension or force. Over time, "restrain" evolved in Middle English to mean "to hold back physically or emotionally." The suffix "-ing" forms the present participle, indicating ongoing action. The logic is vivid: pulling something tight (strain) to keep it in place (re-).
The police officer was restraining the suspect.
She struggled with restraining her anger during the argument.
The new laws are aimed at restraining excessive spending.
His restraining grip on the leash prevented the dog from running.
The therapist advised techniques for restraining impulsive reactions.