retribution

UK: ˌretrɪˈbjuːʃən | US: ˌretrɪˈbjuːʃən

Definition

  1. n. punishment inflicted as vengeance for a wrong or criminal act

  2. n. (theological) divine punishment for sin

Structure
re <back>tribut <give>ion <noun suffix>
Etymology

retribution = re<back> + tribut<give> + ion<noun suffix>

  • re: Latin prefix meaning "back" or "again," indicating a return or response.
  • tribut: From Latin tribuere ("to assign, give"), reflecting the idea of "giving back" in response.
  • ion: Noun-forming suffix indicating an action or result.

Etymology Origin:
Retribution traces back to Latin retributio ("repayment"), combining re- (back) and tribuere (to give). The word originally conveyed the idea of "giving back" what was owed—whether reward or punishment. Over time, it narrowed to emphasize punitive justice, especially in moral or legal contexts. The logic mirrors balancing scales: an act demands an equivalent "return."

Examples

  1. The criminal faced retribution for his crimes.

  2. Many cultures believe in divine retribution for immoral deeds.

  3. The revolutionaries sought retribution against the oppressive regime.

  4. Retribution often perpetuates cycles of violence.

  5. The judge emphasized rehabilitation over retribution.