scalpel

UK: ˈskælp(ə)l | US: ˈskælpəl

Definition

  1. n. a small, sharp knife used by surgeons for precise cutting during medical procedures.

Structure
scalp <to cut (from Latin *scalpellum*)>el <diminutive suffix (from Latin *-ellus*)>
Etymology

The word "scalpel" traces back to Latin scalpellum, a diminutive of scalper ("knife" or "chisel"), derived from scalpere ("to carve or cut"). The suffix -el (via Latin -ellus) adds a sense of smallness, reflecting the tool's precision. Over time, the term evolved in French (scalpel) before entering English, retaining its surgical connotation. The morphemes logically combine "cutting" + "small tool," mirroring its function.

Examples

  1. The surgeon carefully sterilized the scalpel before the operation.

  2. A scalpel’s razor-sharp edge allows for minimal tissue damage.

  3. The forensic examiner used a scalpel to collect trace evidence.

  4. Modern scalpels often have disposable blades for safety.

  5. In art restoration, a scalpel may remove layers of old varnish.