shall
UK: ʃæl | US: ʃæl
modal v. used to express future tense (archaic or formal)
modal v. used to express obligation or necessity (in legal or formal contexts)
modal v. used to express intention or determination (rare in modern usage)
The word "shall" originates from Old English sceal, meaning "to owe" or "to be obliged." It is related to the Old Norse skulu and German sollen, all deriving from the Proto-Germanic root skulaną ("to owe, must"). Over time, its meaning shifted from obligation to future tense in English, though it retains its obligatory sense in legal contexts. The inflectional "-l" suffix is a remnant of its conjugation in Old English.
You shall receive the package by tomorrow.
The tenant shall pay rent on the first of each month.
Shall we go for a walk?
I shall never forget this moment.
The law states that all citizens shall obey traffic rules.