shock
UK: ʃɒk | US: ʃɑːk
n. a sudden upsetting or surprising event or experience
n. a violent impact or collision
vt. to cause someone to feel surprised, upset, or offended
n. (medical) a life-threatening condition caused by inadequate blood flow
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The word "shock" entered English in the 16th century from Middle French choquer ("to strike violently"), likely of Germanic origin. Its core meaning of "sudden impact" expanded metaphorically to emotional and medical contexts (e.g., "emotional shock" in the 18th century, "medical shock" in the 19th century). The spelling remained intact, reflecting its direct adoption from French.
The news of his resignation sent a shock through the company.
The car accident caused a loud shock as the vehicles collided.
Her blunt remarks shocked the audience into silence.
The patient went into shock after losing too much blood.
The earthquake was a shock to everyone in the region.