substantial

UK: səbˈstænʃ(ə)l | US: səbˈstænʃ(ə)l

Definition
  1. adj. of considerable importance, size, or worth

  2. adj. having a firm basis in reality; tangible

  3. adj. (of food) nourishing and filling

Structure
sub <under>stant <stand>ial <adjective suffix>
Etymology

substantial = sub<under> + stant<stand> + ial<adjective suffix>

  • sub (Latin: "under") → Implies a foundational or underlying quality.
  • stant (Latin: "stand," from stare) → Suggests stability or existence.
  • ial (adjective-forming suffix) → Denotes a relational or qualitative attribute.

Etymology Origin:
Derived from Latin substantialis, meaning "having substance or reality," the word evolved through Old French substantiel before entering Middle English. The morpheme stant (from stare, "to stand") reflects the idea of something being solid or enduring, while sub emphasizes its foundational nature. Over time, "substantial" broadened to describe anything of tangible importance or physical heft.

Examples
  1. The company reported a substantial increase in profits this quarter.

  2. She provided substantial evidence to support her claim.

  3. The meal was substantial enough to last us until evening.

  4. His contributions to the project were substantial and highly valued.

  5. The building’s foundation is substantial, ensuring long-term stability.