sustain

UK: səˈsteɪn | US: səˈsteɪn

Definition

  1. vt. to support, maintain, or endure over time

  2. vt. to provide nourishment or sustenance

  3. vt. to uphold the validity of (e.g., an argument or law)

Structure
sus <up, from Latin *sub->tain <hold, from Latin *tenere>
Etymology

The word "sustain" originates from Latin sustinere, combining sub- (up, secretly) and tenere (to hold). Over time, it evolved through Old French sustenir into Middle English, retaining the core idea of "holding up" or "supporting." The morpheme sus- implies upward motion or reinforcement, while -tain conveys maintaining or grasping. This duality reflects the word’s modern meanings: physical support (e.g., sustaining weight) and abstract endurance (e.g., sustaining an argument).

Examples

  1. The pillars sustain the weight of the ancient bridge.

  2. A balanced diet is essential to sustain energy levels.

  3. The court sustained the objection, halting the trial.

  4. Renewable energy helps sustain the environment.

  5. Her optimism sustained her through difficult times.