these

UK: ðiːz | US: ðiːz

Definition
  1. pron. plural form of "this," used to indicate specific people or things near the speaker

  2. det. plural form of "this," modifying plural nouns to specify proximity

Structure
th <demonstrative>ese <plural suffix>
Etymology

The word "these" originates from Old English "þās," the plural form of "þēs" (this). The "th" morpheme represents the demonstrative function (pointing to something), while the "-ese" suffix evolved to mark plurality. Over time, the spelling shifted from "þās" to "these" under Middle English influence, aligning with similar plural forms like "those." The core logic remains: a proximal demonstrative ("th") + plural marker ("-ese").

Examples
  1. These books belong to the library.

  2. I prefer these shoes over those.

  3. Are these your keys on the table?

  4. These problems need immediate attention.

  5. She planted these flowers last spring.